门诊处方抗菌药物使用情况调查分析

摘要

目的 调查分析门诊处方抗菌药物使用情况.方法 随机抽查2008年与2009年门诊处方各8400张,从抗菌药物科室分布、给药途径、用药频度和药物利用指数等分析抗菌药物的使用情况.结果 2008年与2009年各抽门诊处方8400张中,抗菌药物处方张数分别为3930和3213张,使用抗菌药物种类分别为39种和36种,抗菌药物的使用率为46.79％和38.25％,抗菌药物金额为30.10万元和23.20万元,占处方总金额的34.13％和39.01％；使用抗菌药物处方排前三位的分别是呼吸内科、妇产科和耳鼻喉科；抗菌药物一联使用率由2008年的68.73％上升至2009年的89.77％,二联使用率由30.15％下降至10.23％;门诊抗菌药物销售量居前3位的是头孢菌素类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类,2008年DDDs排名前3名的是克拉霉素缓释片、阿奇霉素胶囊、左氧氟沙星胶囊,2009年为头孢克肟胶囊、头孢呋辛酯片、头孢氨苄缓释片,多数药物的DUI≤1；不合理使用抗菌药物的处方比例分别为6.41％和4.95％.结论 门诊抗菌药物的使用基本合理,但仍存在一定程度滥用,应强化管理,加强监测和调控,以规范抗菌药物的应用.%Objective To investigate the use of antibiotics in the Outpatient of Our Hospital. Methods Outpatient prescriptions were randomly sampled from Outpatient in our hospital from 2008 to 2009 for a statistical analysis of antibacterials by Sections distribution, route of administration, drug frequency and drug utilization index. Results A random check of outpatient prescriptions in 2008 and 2009 were 16800 prescriptions. The amont of antibiotics prescriptions were 3930 and 3213. Type of use of antimicrobial were 39 and 36 species and antimicrobial use was 46. 79% and 38. 25%. The amount of antimicrobial were 301000 and 232000 yuan.and the percentage of the total amount of prescriptions were 34.13% and 39. 01%. The respiratory medicine,obstetrics and gynecology, and otolaryngology were the top three ranked prescription. A joint utilization of antimicrobial increased by 68. 73% to 89. 77% and second joint utilization of antimicrobial from 30. 15% down to 10. 23% from 2008 to 2009. Outpatient antibiotic sales in top 3 was the cephalospo-rins. Macrolides and quinolones. Clarithromycin tablets, azithromycin capsules and levofloxacin capsules were the top three kinds of DDDs in 2008,and Cefixime capsule, cefuroxime axetil tablets and cephalexin tablets were the top three in 2009. Irrational use of antimicrobial drug prescription rates were 6. 41% and 4. 95%. Conclusion The utilization of antibacterials in the outpatient in our hospital was rational on the whole , but there were irrational prescriptions. The management on the rational use of antibacterials should be further strengthened in hospital to improve the rational level of drug use.