Objective To compare the frequency of residual stone and complication between laparoscopic combined with choledochoscope choledocholithotomy and laparotomy in common bile duct exploration. Methods 73 consecutive patients with bile duct stone undergoing laparoscopic combined with choledochoscope choledocholithotomy (laparoscopic group) and 59 consecutive patients with bile duct stone undergoing laparotomy (open group) were analyzed. Results The stone free rate was 93.1% in laparoscopic group and 94. 9% in open group. There was no significant difference of residual stone between the two groups. The incidence of ascites and wound infection rate in the laparoscopic group in the open group were more than that in laparoscopic group. The hospital stay was longer in the open group than that in the laparoscopic group. Conclusion laparoscopic combined with choledochoscope choledocholithotomy is superior than laparotomy in common bile duct exploration.%目的 对比腹腔镜联合胆道镜胆道探查取石与开腹胆道探查取石术后残石率和并发症.方法 选取2008年1月～2010年10月肝内外胆管结石行腹腔镜联合胆道镜胆道探查73例患者（腹腔镜组）,同时收集2005年1月～2007年12月间行开腹胆道探查取石患者59例（开腹组）,对比两组结石取尽率、并发症发生情况.结果 腹腔镜组结石取尽率93.1％,开腹组结石取尽率94.9％,两组间结石取净率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);开腹组腹腔积液发生率、切口感染率较腹腔镜组明显升高,住院时间开腹组明显延长；腹腔镜组肠道功能恢复时间明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 腹腔镜联合胆道镜胆道探查术治疗胆道结石疗效优于开腹胆道镜探查术.
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