目的 分析巴基斯坦洪灾期间患者皮肤病疾病谱、发病特点和规律,为今后在国际洪灾救援中合理配备医疗资源提供依据.方法 回顾分析洪灾就诊患者资料,建立疾病谱,统计各类皮肤病发病例数及构成比.结果 共调查患者1326例,疾病谱显示各类皮肤病均有不同程度发生,而高发皮肤病的类别及病种相对集中,居前三位的疾病类别依次是:变态反应性皮肤病548例(41.3%)、细菌感染性皮肤病388例(29.3%)、真菌感染性皮肤病202例(15.2 %).居前三位的疾病依次为皮肤瘙痒症228例(17.2%)、脓疱疮214例(16.1%)、湿疹205例(15.5%).结论 巴基斯坦洪灾过后皮肤病相对集中在某几类中某些疾病上,救援时应根据皮肤病疾病谱的变化,优化合理配置人员、药品及场地,以保证迅速高效完成医疗救援任务.%Objective To analyze the characteristics of disease spectrum during floods in Pakistan in order to provide a scientific basis for skin disease control and prevention in the future. Methods The data of 1326 patients with skin disease at the temporary outpatient clinic of the Chinese rescue team were statistically analyzed. Results There were many kinds of skin diseases after floods. The most prevalent skin problem was allergic skin diseases (548 cases, 41. 3%) , followed by bacterial infections (388 cases, 29.3%), and fungal infections (202 cases, 15.2%). The top three in skin disease spectrum were pruritus (228cases, 17.2%),impetigo (214cases, 16.1%) and eczema (205 cases, 15.5%). Conclusions The incidence of skin diseases, allergic and infectious skin diseases in particular, is high among the refugees in Pakistan after floods. Preventive and remedial measures are required according to the characteristics of the disease spectrum.
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