心理干预对几内亚华人恶性疟患者心理状态、治疗依从性及治疗效果的影响

摘要

Objective To evaluate effects of psychological nursing intervention for Chinese falciparum malaria patients in Guinea.Methods Sixty-two Chinese patients in Guinea with falciparum malaria were randomly divided into 2 groups:intervention group (n=32) and control group (n=30).The patients in the intervention group received positive psychotherapy while the patients in the con-trol group received routine nursing care and health education.The patients were investigated with Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) before and after intervention.While the problem that the patients worried about were investigated with nonstandard interview.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in the factor scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxi-ety, terrorism and psychiatric symptoms (P<0.05).After positive psychotherapy, the patients in the intervention group showed better compliance and higher cure rate than the control group (both P<0.05).Conclusions Psychological interventions can effectively reduce psychological stress of falciparum malaria patients, relieve their negative emotions and improve the effect of treatment.%目的：探讨心理干预对几内亚华人恶性疟患者心理状态、治疗依从性及治疗效果的影响。方法采用随机方法将62例几内亚华人恶性疟患者分为干预组（32例）和对照组（30例）。干预组在常规治疗、护理基础上予以积极心理干预，对照组予以常规治疗、护理。采用症状自评量表（ SCL-90）对两组患者心理状态进行评定，并比较两组的治疗依从性和治疗效果。结果心理干预治疗后，干预组SCL-90量表中躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性等因子得分均低于对照组，其差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；干预组患者接受常规治疗和护理的依从性（93．8％）及恶性疟治愈率（87．5％）均明显高于对照组（70．0％和60．0％），其差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论积极有效的心理干预能够减轻恶性疟患者的心理应激状态，改善不良情绪，提高治疗效果。