吸烟对飞行学员高频听力的影响

摘要

Objective To evaluate the influence of smoking on hearing loss of pilot students,especially on high frequency hearing loss. Methods According to whether smoking, 517 male flying cadets were divided into two groups. Self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate age, culture level, life history, familial history of deafness, and history of ototoxic drug use, etc. The hearing loss of the 517 male pilot students was evaluated with pure tone audiometry analysis method. The data of this research was adopt to a retrospective cohort study. Results The high frequency (4 000~8 000 Hz) auditory threshold displacement of left ear and right ear in smoking group were higher than in non-smoking group (P<0.01). The incidence of hearing loss in smoking group was significantly higher than in non-smoking group (χ2=16.365, P<0.01). Conclusion Smoking is associated with the hearing loss of pilot students, particularly affecting the high frequency spectrum of the hearing.%目的：探讨吸烟对飞行学员听力损失，尤其是对高频听力损失的影响。方法将517名男性飞行学员根据是否吸烟分两组。所得数据采用回顾性队列研究，以纯音测听分析方法进行听力损失评估，自行设计问卷调查，内容包括年龄、文化程度、生活史、家族性耳聋史、以及耳毒性药物使用史等。结果吸烟组左、右耳高频（4000～8000 Hz）听阈位移均高于非吸烟组（P＜0.01）。吸烟组听力损失发病率显著高于非吸烟组（χ2=16.365，P＜0.01）。结论吸烟与飞行学员听力损失具有相关性，尤其影响其高频段的听力。