外科术后尿潴留的原因及临床护理措施

摘要

目的：通过临床病例资料分析探讨泌尿外科患者术后发生尿潴留的原因。方法：以2015年1月-2015年12月期间在本院泌尿外科普外科行手术治疗的117例患者作为观察对象，随机将其分为对照组58例与观察组59例，对照组给予常规术后干预，观察组在常规术后干预的基础上根据常见的尿潴留发病原因给予相应的预防措施，对比两组患者的尿潴留发生率与住院时间。结果：住院期间，观察组共发生尿潴留4例，发生率为6.78%；对照组共发生尿潴留12例，发生率为20.69%，观察组明显低于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组的平均住院时间为（9.24±5.47）d，对照组平均住院时间为（14.31±5.57）d，观察组明显短于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。本组117例患者中共发生尿潴留16例，发生率为13.67%（16/117），其中年龄、麻醉效果、手术创伤、心理因素以及药物副作用是泌尿外科患者术后发生尿潴留的常见发病原因，分别占31.25%（5/16）、25.00%（4/16）、18.75%（3/16）、18.75%（3/16）以及6.25%（1/16）。结论：泌尿外科患者术后发生尿潴留的原因复杂，针对原因开展相应的预防对策可以有效控制尿潴留的发生，减少患者住院时间，提高护理质量。%Objective:To analyze the causes with urinary retention of department of urology patients through clinical data.Method: From January 2015 to December 2015 in the treatment of 117 cases in our hospital department of urology department of general surgery patients were selected as observation objects, they were randomly divided into control group of 58 cases and observation group of 59 cases, control group received routine treatment, the observation group in the conventional intervention on postoperative urinary retention in patients with common reasons was given corresponding preventive measures of urinary retention,the incidence rate and hospitalization time of two groups were compared.Result:The observation group were 4 cases of urinary retention, the incidence rate was 6.78%; there were 12 cases of urinary retention in control group, the incidence rate was 20.69%,the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average hospitalization time of observation group was (9.24±5.47) d significantly lower than control group of that was (14.31±5.57) d,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).A total of 117 patients in this group occurred urinary retention of 16 cases, incidence was 13.67%(16/117),where the age effect of anesthesia, surgical trauma, psychological factors and side effects of drugs were retention of urine the common causes of urinary surgery, were respectively 31.25%(5/16),25.00%(4/16),18.75%(3/16), 18.75%(3/16) and 6.25%(1/16).Conclusion:Urinary surgery after the cause of urinary retention complex, in view of the reason carry out corresponding preventive measures can be effective control of urinary retention, reduce hospitalization time and improve the quality of nursing.