中山市孕产妇自我保健服务现状调查分析

摘要

目的：分析中山市孕产期及生育后1年内妇女的孕产妇保健服务利用现状，分析其影响因素，为优化和完善孕产妇健康管理服务策略提供依据。方法：采用两阶段整群抽样的方法，以中山市某镇孕产期及生育后1年内妇女为研究对象，使用自行设计的调查表对其进行现场调查和妇科疾病检查，采用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果：孕产妇平均年龄（27.86±3.88）岁；文化程度以初中（32.61%）和高中/技校（28.06%）为主；平均家庭月收入主要集中在1000~5000元（75.30%）；仅77.99%的孕产妇未罹患妇科疾病；保健时选择的医疗机构主要以二级医院（综合性医院）（49.28%）和市妇幼保健院（14.35%）为主；仅65.80%的孕产妇近两年曾接受妇检，47.10%的孕产妇认为孕前应补充叶酸；孕产妇计划怀孕率仅为71.53%，接受孕期保健服务率为83.73%；影响孕产妇保健服务利用的主要因素有年龄（OR=1.070）、孕产妇患妇科疾病情况（OR=0.910）、家庭平均月收入水平（OR=0.246）及保健医疗机构选择（OR=2.464）。结论：应结合国家基本公共卫生服务项目落实孕产妇保健服务工作，及时了解孕产妇的医疗保健需求，切实提高孕产妇的保健意识和对保健服务的利用水平。%Objective:To investigate the status of health services utilization of pregnancy and childbearing women within one year of maternal,analyze the influencing factors,in order to provide evidence for optimizing and improving maternal health management services in Zhongshan city.Method:Two stage cluster sampling method was used to study the women in a town of Zhongshan city during the period of pregnancy and within one year after birth,field investigation and gynecological examination were carried out using a self-designed questionnaire,the data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.Result:The mean age of maternal was (27.86±3.88) years, the education level was concentrated in junior high school (32.61%) and high school/technical school (28.06%), the average monthly household income was mainly concentrated in the 1000 to 5000 yuan (75.30%),only 77.99%of maternal were not suffered from gynecological diseases,the selection of self -care institutions were mainly in secondary hospital (general hospitals) (49.28%) and maternal and child health care hospital (14.35%),only 65.80% of maternal had received gynecological in past two years,47.10% of maternal thought the folic acid should be added when pregnancy,only 71.53% women have the plan for pregnancy,only 83.73% of them received prenatal care.Logistic regression analysis showed age (OR=1.070),suffered from gynecological diseases cases (OR=0.910),the average monthly household income level (OR=0.246) and health care institutions selection (OR=2.464) were major factors associated with the utilization of maternal health services.Conclusion:It should be combined with the state’s basic public health services to implement maternal health services,keep abreast of maternal health care needs,inder to improve the level of health awareness and utilization of maternal health services effectively.