基于多学科的风力机叶片形状优化设计研究

摘要

以风力机空气动力特性、叶片结构动力学以及风力机功率特性等学科为基础,探讨了各学科在叶片设计过程中的关系;以风轮单位输出能量成本作为目标函数,提出了风力机叶片的多学科优化设计模型。在保持叶片长度和风轮转速不变的情况下,以叶片的弦长、扭角以及相对厚度为设计变量,对某5 MW风力机叶片进行了优化设计,使得风轮的单位输出能量成本降低了2.6%。比较分析了优化叶片和原始叶片的载荷分布以及优化风轮和原始风轮的功率特性,很好的验证了优化结果。%Based on the aerodynamics of wind turbine,structural dynamics of blades and output power performance,the relationship between them was discussed.The multidisciplinary design optimization model of the blades was presented whereas the objective was cost of energy which is calculated from the Annual Energy Production（AEP） and the cost of the whole rotor.Using this model,a 5 MW rotor was optimized and the design variables were the chord,twist angle and relative thickness of blades.The cost of the optimized rotor was reduced by 2.6% comparing with the original rotor.To valide the optimization results,the comparison of the load between the optimized and original blade were calculated and plotted.