根据桥式起重机的典型结构特点，采用三维建模设计软件SolidWorks建立桥式起重机整机结构三维模型，并利用SolidWorks／Simulation有限元分析模块对主要承载构件———主梁进行典型工况下的应力和变形分布分析。分析结果表明：由于主梁腹板变截面位置处尺寸的突变，导致该位置存在严重的应力集中现象，极大地降低了桥式起重机的承载能力，对桥式起重机的正常、安全工作过程造成影响。因此工程人员在进行桥式起重机结构设计时，应对其主梁的结构进行严格的计算和受力分析，密切注意结构尺寸发生突变位置，以便增强工程实践中主梁的安全性。%According to the typical structural characteristics of bridge cranes ,we use three‐dimensional modeling and designing software SolidWorks to set up the three‐dimensional model of a bridge crane girder ,and conduct the stress and deformation analysis for the girder in a typical conditions with SolidWorks/Simulation .The analysis results show that the size mutations in variable cross‐section of the girder web causes serious stress concentration in that location ,which greatly reduces the carrying capacity of the bridge crane . Therefore ,in the process of bridge crane structure design ,we should pay attention to the location where the size of structure is changed severely ,in order to enhance the security of girder in actual engineering practice .
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