热锻模具钢的耐磨性及磨损机理研究

摘要

Wear tests were performed for a new-type cast steel,H13 and H21 steels on a pin-on-disk high-temperature wear tester.Their wear resistances were compared,and wear mechanism discussed.Compared with the cast steel and H13 steel,high wear resistance of H21 steel at room temperature is attributed to many unsolved carbides.At 200-300 ℃,the cast steel and H13 steel present a lower wear rate and increased rate with an increase of load,while the wear rate of H21 steel abruptly increases as the load reaches 200 N.At 400 ℃,the cast steel posseses much lower wear rate than those of H13 and H21 steels.It can be suggested that the the cast steel presents markedly higher elevated-temperature wear resistance than the conventional hot-forging die steels.%采用销盘式高温摩擦磨损实验机,针对一种新型铸钢、H13和H21钢在25-400℃下进行磨损试验,对比研究各种钢的耐磨性,并探讨了磨损机制.研究表明：室温下H21钢由于具有较多的未溶碳化物,比H13钢和铸钢具有高的耐磨性;在200-300℃下铸钢和H13钢随载荷的增加一直具有较低的磨损率和增长率,而H21钢当载荷达到200 N时磨损率忽然升高;在400℃下铸钢具有持续低的磨损率,明显低于H21和H13钢.可见,新型铸钢具有比常用热锻模具钢显著高的高温耐磨性.