利用工业固体废渣制备新型建筑材料的研究进展

摘要

The increasing industrial solid wastes have become a public hazard,such as occupation of land,maintenance costs,overflow or collapse,and pollution of soil,water and atmosphere.As a result,the environmental pollution and social problems caused by industrial solid wastes are being paid more and more attention around the world.The reasonable utilization of industrial solid wastes is changing an urgent problem to be solved for the national economic and social development.In this work,the current situation of solid waste utilization at home and abroad was briefly introduced.The characteristics of chemical and phase composition of several kinds of industrial solid wastes were investigated.The harmless,reduction and recycling utilization ways of industrial solid wastes were discussed.The new concepts and methods for the best combination and the maximum use of wastes were reported,which depends on the cooperation-complementation-restraint effects from chemical compositions of different solid wastes.Meanwhile,the latest achievements in the high content,high value-added use of industrial solid wastes were also reported.At last,the authors offered the future research content and direction of using industrial solid wastes to prepare new construction materials.%日益增加的工业废渣已成为社会公害,由工业固体废渣引起的环境污染和社会问题正受到世界各国的高度关注,工业固体废渣的合理利用成为国民经济和社会发展中迫切需要解决的重大问题.简要介绍了国内外工业固体废渣利用现状,研究了几种工业固体废渣的化学组成、物相组成特点,探讨了工业固体废渣的无害化、减量化和资源化利用途径,提出了基于废渣化学组成协同-互补-相克效应基础上的废渣最佳组合和最大化利用概念与方法,介绍了作者团队近年在固体废渣的高掺量、高附加值利用开发研究方面的最新成果,指出了利用工业废渣制备建筑材料未来应重点研究的内容与方向.