Three dimension location theory based on USBL and GPS principle was discussed and also the resources of USBL positioning data errors such as installation error, acoustic error and the error caused by ship attitude movement were analyzed in the paper. Dynamic correction which based on the least square method was used to modify the USBL positioning errors. Comparing the standard deviation and residual analyzed on the pre and post positioning data, the method improved the underwater positioning precision to a great extent which was proved in practice. The application of USBL positioning data modification in effect would expand the USBL usage in the marine investigation science area and also had important practical significance in the improving of underwater positioning precision.%通过探讨超短基线和GPS技术相结合的三维立体定位原理,分析超短基线定位误差来源,如安装偏差、声速误差、船姿态变化引起的偏差等,利用以最小二乘法为理论基础的动态校正法对超短基线定位误差进行了修正,将校正前后的定位数据标准偏差和剩余偏差处理后对比发现,这种方法可以极大地提高水下目标定位的精度,减少定位的误差,这也在实际应用中得到验证.实现对超短基线定位数据的有效校正将极大地扩展超短基线在海洋科学研究和海洋勘探开发活动水下定位领域的应用,对提高水下目标的定位精度具有重要的现实意义.
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