南海北部一次台风浪过程的数值模拟

摘要

In this paper, the Holland model was used to parameterize the No.6 Typhoon Molave in 2009, then the model wind field and the background wind field (CCMP) were overlaped by a weight coefficient to construct the wind field in the north of the South China Sea when the typhoon was passing. The wind field was then interpolated and inputted to the SWAN model with the spatial resolution of 5′×5′and the temporal step of 1 h, to simulate the wave field in the north of the South China Sea when Molave was passing through. Subsequently, the Jason-2 satellite wave height data was utilized to verify the model. The results showed that there was a good agreement between the model results and the measured values. The model results were used to analyze the spatial relationship between the typhoon center and the maximum significant wave height center, as well as the relationship between the structure of the typhoon and that of the wave field. At last, the dynamic mechanism of the wave field when the typhoon was passing was studied by comparing the calculated wave energy with the wind factor and the wave factor.%采用Holland模型将2009年6号台风莫拉菲参数化，并通过一个权重系数将模型风场和背景风场叠加起来，构造了南海北部台风过境时的风场。随后通过时空插值，将该风场以空间分辨率5′×5′、时间步长1 h的精度输入到SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore)模式中，模拟了莫拉菲台风通过时南海北部的海浪场。然后使用Jason-2卫星波高数据对模式进行了验证，结果表明模式结果与实测值吻合良好。利用模式结果我们分析了台风中心和海浪场的最大有效波高中心的位置关系，以及台风风场结构和海浪场结构的关系。最后，通过计算海浪场的能量并将其与风要素和浪要素对比，我们研究了台风过境期间海浪场的动力机制。