景观水体中经常存在水体变色、散发异味等环境恶化现象。本研究以青岛高新区人工水系的污染问题为例,通过卫星图片解析、现场调查、模拟计算等手段,探讨了此类湖库型景观水体的污染成因及其影响因素。结果表明,水体中N、P营养盐负荷超标,是该水系主要污染因子；由于营养盐比例失衡,耐受性强的浮游藻类大规模增殖,在人工水系中,主要优势种绿藻小球藻的优势度高达0.984,藻细胞密度最高达9.83×109cells/L,导致水体出现黑臭现象。通过模型估算人工水系主要污染因子的环境容量与陆源污染通量,结果表明来自陆源的TN载荷为环境容量的5.22倍, TP载荷为环境容量的2.55倍,陆源输入是此类景观水体污染形成的主要原因；对人工水系典型水体主要环境因子浓度梯度的垂直变化分析表明,此类水体存在可能的内源污染。%As usually reported, water discoloration and awful smell are typical deteriorative environmental phe-nomena in landscape waters. In this case, pollution and main causes of an artificial lagoon and adjacent waters in Qingdao were discussed based on remote sensing results, field investigation and model simulation. As a result, HABs was proved to be the direct reason of such environmental deterioration in the target watershed, and the main causative species,Chlorella vulgaris once peaked as 9.83×109cells/L, took over 90% part of all species. Meanwhile, overload and ratio unbalance of N and P nutrients in the target watershed would potentially promote such phenom-ena. By further study, terrestrial deposit was proved to be the main cause of N and P overload by simulation results which denoted a 5.22 folds TN and a 2.55 folds overload from the land-sourced pollution, compared with the envi-ronmental capacity of target waters. Moreover, endogenous pollution was proved possible in such waters by gradi-ent vertical changes of main pollution factors.
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