防潮堤坝对山东昌邑滨海湿地植物及土壤性质的影响分析

摘要

A field-survey sampling was conducted in Changyi National Marine Ecological Special Reserve to study the influence of tide dyke on the plant and soil properties of coastal wetlands. The analysis of the relation between soils and vegetation and that between the two sides of the dam was performed. Results showed that the soil and vegetation status inside and outside the dyke had some differences. While the salinity was contrary, the contents of soil such as C, N, and P outside the dyke were less than that inside the dyke. Outside the dyke, Suaeda salsa and Aeluropus sinensis are the dominant species of coastal wetlands, while inside the dyke, shrub-grassland Tamarix chinensis is the dominant species. The richness of species was negatively correlated with soil salinity; with the in-creasing soil salinity, the richness of soil outside the dyke was less than that inside the dyke. There was no signifi-cant correlation of C, N, and P, and the stoichiometric ratio C:N:P between the soil and Phragmites australis, whereas a significant negative correlation existed between the contents of P of soil and content of N of Tamarix chinensis, which indicated that woody plants depended on soil nutrient more than herbaceous plants.%为研究防潮堤坝对滨海湿地植物及土壤性质的影响,本研究在昌邑国家级海洋生态特别保护区内,通过样线法进行野外调查采样,进行防潮堤坝内外土壤、植被以及两者之间联系的分析,研究了堤坝内外植被及土壤性质差异.结果表明:堤坝内外土壤、植被有一定的差异;堤坝外部土壤C、N、P含量小于堤坝内部,堤坝外部土壤盐度大于堤坝内部;堤坝外部是以盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)和獐毛(Aeluropus sinensis)为主滨海湿地景观,堤坝内部则是以柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)为主的灌草丛景观;保护区内物种丰富度与土壤盐度值呈负相关关系,随着盐度的升高,堤坝外部物种丰富度低于堤坝内部;芦苇(Phragmites australis)体内TC、TN、TP及C:N:P与土壤C、N、P含量及C:N:P没有明显相关性,而柽柳体内N含量与土壤P含量呈明显负相关关系,说明木本植物比草本植物更加依赖土壤中营养元素的供给.