综述了海上蒸发波导的预测方法,根据预测方法的原理及实现方法不同,将已有的蒸发波导预测方法归纳为基于气象水文要素数据的预报方法、基于气象卫星数据的反演计算方法、基于雷达数据的反演计算方法和中尺度模式同化方法等四大类.对每个类中的主要方法的基本原理及优缺点进行了具体分析和总结,最后给出了蒸发波导预测方法中存在的问题及研究进展情况,对未来研究方向及趋势进行了预计.%A brief overview on sensing and prediction parabolic equation models of the evaporation ducts over sea was made. According to their different principles and achieved methods, the existing approaches to predict the evaporation ducts over sea were classified into four kinds: the prediction methods based on the meteorological and hydro -meteorological data, the inversion calculation methods based on the satellite meteorological data, the back calculation methods based on the radar echo data, and the numerical assimilation methods based on the meso-scale model. The primary principle, and merits and drawbacks of each leading method were specifically analyzed and summarized. At last, the paper presented the present problems and the state of the progress in the methods of predicting and analyzing evaporation ducts over sea and its future research and tendency as well.
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