因子分析在海河流域石油类污染综合评价中的应用

摘要

基于因子分析对2012～2013年海河流域pH、DO、COD、BOD5、氨态氮和总石油烃等6项水质指标的监测数据进行统计，并对其中四项指标进行水污染综合指数评估，旨在对海河水质进行较为系统的评价。结果显示，BJ1和HB2两个站位水质属于Ⅳ类标准，其余各站位均为Ⅴ类；各站位综合评价结果得到海河流域指数为1.44，说明海河流域处于污染状态，其污染程度超过该流域功能区的标准。因子分析发现， COD、DO和NH3-N之间差异显著（P<0.05）；主成分分析显示，除pH和BOD5外，其余指标都在0.70以上；COD、DO、NH3-N 和TPH 的贡献率较高，其中总石油烃的贡献率为100%，因此可以认为该海域的污染类型属于有机污染，且石油烃污染较为突出。%Selecting six indexs of pH, DO, COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen and petroleum hydrocarbons in Haihe River Basin of four seasons in 2012-2013 for factor analysis, appling Water Quality Pol ution Index (API) to evaluate DO, COD, BOD5 and ammonia nitrogen, aims for systematic evluation to water quality of Haihe River Basin. The results showed that two stations of BJ1 and HB2 were theⅣtype of water, others were theⅤtype;Water Quality Pollution Index (API) was 1.44, which il ustrated Haihe River Basin in the state of contamination that the degree of pol ution exceeded the standard of functional areas. Factor Analysis explained that between COD, DO and NH3-N were significant difference(P<0.05);principal component analysis showed that, in addition to pH and BOD5, the other indicators were above 0.70;the contribution rate of COD, DO, NH3-N and TPH were higher, petroleum hydrocarbons was 100%, it can be considered that the waters type of pol ution was organic pol ution, and petroleum hydrocarbon contamination was more prominent.