卧式加工中心主轴温度场预测与热误差分布

摘要

通过有限元与试验测试结合的方式,研究了加工中心主轴温度场和热误差分布规律.研究发现,卧式加工中心热变形与温度有较好的对应关系,主轴发热量增大引起主轴变形增大,主轴转子与轴承的摩擦生热是主轴系统高速转动时热量产生的主要原因.主轴热平衡时间大约90min左右,并且后轴承附近的温度最高,温升幅度最大.通过有限元方法进行热分析,可以在机床样机定型之前进行热对称结构设计,提前进行结构优化.%The research of thermal field and errors distribution of horizontal machining center spindle have been carried on by FEA and experimental test. It is found that the relation between thermal errors and temperature corresponds well, and thermal errors increase with calorific value of spindle rises. Factional heat between spindle rotor and bearings is the main reason of spindle heat. Meanwhile, thermal balancing time is near 90 min, and temperature and temperature rising amplitude are the highest. Structural design can be optimized by thermal symmetric design and thermal analysis using FEA before machine tool prototype is made.