出舱活动对气闸舱内设备温度控制的影响研究

摘要

为满足航天员出舱活动的需要,载人飞船气闸舱热控设计除采取载人飞船密封舱一般热控措施外,还需考虑出舱活动期间真空条件下舱内设备的温度控制要求。在出舱活动期间,气闸舱内设备的热量排散途径将发生变化,只有辐射和传导两种传热形式,同时出舱舱门打开会导致气闸舱漏热增加,由此引起舱内设备温度控制变化。通过热分析建模和地面试验,出舱活动期间气闸舱内设备温度的地面热试验数据在空间飞行任务中得到验证。%To satisfy the extravehicular activity（EVA） of the astronauts, the thermal control design of the airlock cabin of manned spaceship must consider temperature change in the vacuum conditien. During EVA, heat rejection in airlock cabin will be reduced from three routes （convection, conduction and radiation） to two routes （only conduction and radiation）, while heat leakage will increase because of cabin door opening, thus lead to temperature change in the cabin. Through modeling of thermal analysis, the ground experiments data of the temperature in airlock cabin is verified during space flight mission.