针对现代飞机壁板高效精密制孔的需求,研制了一种新型的螺旋铣孔单元.首先,通过对国内外现有机身自动制孔系统的技术分析,并结合壁板装配制孔的作业特点,引入一种新兴的制孔技术—螺旋铣孔.其次,对螺旋铣孔运动进行功能分解,展开了螺旋铣孔单元的模块化设计,确定了偏心调节模块的传动方案,设计了铣刀结构与装夹方式.最后,基于螺旋铣孔单元样机,对航空铝合金和碳纤维复合材料进行了切削试验,结果表明铣孔质量基本满足飞机装配的精度要求.样机的成功研制,对提升我国飞机柔性装配整体水平具有重要的现实意义.%To satisfy the demands of efficient and precise holes made on modern airplane panels, a new helical nulling hole unit was developed. Firstly, technical analysis was made on domestic and overseas automatic drilling systems fore aircraft fuselages. Then, a new hole making technology was introduced, namely, helical milling hole technology, which was combined with the machining characteristics of generating holes in panels. Secondly, based on the functional decomposition on helical milling movement, modular design of helical milling unit was carried out. Thus, the mechanical transmission scheme of eccentric adjustment was determined, and milling cutters structure was designed and clamping method was chosen. Finally, cutting test was carried on the prototype of helical milling hole with aerospace al-alloy and carbon fiber reinforced plastic. Test result indicates that the quality of helical milling hole can basically meet the accuracy requirements of airplane panel assembly. The successful development of prototype shows practical significance in raising the level of Chinese airplane panel flexible assembly.
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