直升机齿轮传动要求有30～60 min的干运转能力，以免减速器润滑系统出现故障时，造成灾难性的后果。为提高直升机齿轮传动干运转能力，在926航空润滑油中分别加入质量分数5％的硫化异丁烯、硫磷酸复酯胺盐、磷酸复酯铵盐、二烷基二硫代磷酸锌极压抗磨添加剂，进行45 min的12Cr2Ni4A航空钢摩擦副的油雾润滑试验。结果表明：微量的磷酸复酯铵盐就能使12Cr2Ni4A航空钢的磨损量下降25％，且由于中磷酸复酯铵盐的氮元素能有效地抑制磷元素的过度腐蚀，因此航空钢磨损表面光滑平整、质量好。含极压抗磨剂的油雾润滑技术为解决直升机传动系统干运转问题提供了一种新的选择。%Helicopter gear transmission requires 30~60 min dry running ability to avoid reducer lubrication system fail-ure resulting in disastrous consequences.To improve helicopter gear transmission dry running ability,various 5% extreme pressure and antiwear additives including sulphurised isobutylene,ammonium thiophsphonate,ashless organic phosphonate and parathion ding simbo alkyl zinc salt were added into 926 aviation oil,and the oil mist lubrication experiments of 45 mi-nutes were performed upon 12Cr2Ni4A aviation steel tribo-pairs.The results show that the wear volume of 12Cr2Ni4A avia-tion steel is reduced by 25% when lubricated by the 926 aviation oil with trace of ashless organic phosphonate.The worn surface of aviation steel is smooth because the nitrogen element in the ashless organic phosphonate can effectively inhibit the excessive corrosion of phosphorus element.The method of oil mist lubrication containing extreme pressure and antiwear additives provides a set of feasible options to solve helicopter transmission problem of oil-out operation.
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