外压斜锥壳设计方法的研究

摘要

GB150中规定,当外压锥壳为偏心锥壳时,参照正锥壳的设计计算方法.在对此方法研究分析后发现,等效后的正锥壳承压能力要比实际的斜锥壳降低很多,从而造成斜锥的设计壁厚偏大.文中运用ANSYS软件,首先对圆筒和正锥壳进行屈曲分析,与理论计算方法得出的临界压力值对比,证明有限元方法得出的临界压力值与理论计算相符；然后对外压斜锥壳进行分析,找到一种与外压斜锥承压能力相接近的正锥,即斜锥等同不同锥角的正锥.等效后的正锥与原来斜锥的承压能力相近,从而对原有的斜锥壳设计方法加以改进.%According to the GB150, the slant conical shell subjected to external pressure is designed on the calculation method of conical shell. After researched this method, the equivalent conical shell is subjected less external pressure than the slant conical shell. It results in the thicker design thickness of slant conical shell. Firstly, this paper obtained the critical pressures of cylinder and conical shell by ANSYS-buckling analysis. Secondly, compared results were obtained by ANSYS and theoretical calculation method. It proofed that the finite element method was coincident with theoretical calculation method in external pressure vessels. For slant conical shell of external pressure, finding a conical shell is subjected similar external pressure with the slant conical shell, and namely the conical shell has different cone angle with slant conical shell. The new equivalent conical shell is subjected similar pressure capacity with the slant conical shell, and is improved the original design method.