非球面复眼设计及其制备工艺研究

摘要

提出了一种制备非球面仿生复眼的方法。昆虫的复眼是由一个个尺寸微小的独立小眼沿曲面小眼阵列的方式分布在头部的两侧，以实现大视角探测。设计曲面基底上阵列非均匀微透镜结构，沿径向排列的各级微透镜的焦距及尺寸均不相同。根据几何光学成像原理，计算各级微透镜的尺寸参数，对构建的模型进行光线追迹，优化各级微透镜的尺寸参数。分析不同制备技术特点，研究材料性能及不同材料间的关系，提出了可简单、快速的制备非球面仿生复眼的方法。该方法中，利用精密五轴数控机床加工非球面复眼模具，然后通过压力灌注方法将非球面复眼结构转移出来，获得所需的非球面仿生复眼。通过仿真及实验结果表明，整个曲面仿生复眼边缘成像质量明显提高，各子眼通道均能够采集清晰亮斑。%A preparation method for aspherical bionic compound eye is proposed.The compound eyes of insects are composed of many tiny independent ommatidia,and these ommatidia along the surface of the array distribute on both sides of the head to achieve large angle viewing.The array of non-uniform substrate surface is designed for micro-lens structure,and the focal lengths and sizes of radial arrayed micro-lenses are all different.According to geometrical op-tics imaging principle,size parameters of all level micro-lenses are computed,and the constructed model is carried out by ray-tracing and the size parameters of all level micro-lenses are optimized.The technical characteristics of different preparation methods are analyzed,and material properties and the relationship between different materials are studied, so a simple and fast preparation method for aspherical bionic compound eye is proposed.In this method,the mold of aspherical compound eyes is manufactured by precise five-axis CNC machine and then the aspheric compound eye structure is transferred out by perfusion pressure method to obtain the desired aspherical compound eyes.The simula-tion and experimental results show that the imaging quality of the entire bionic compound eye’s surface edge has im-proved significantly,and each sub-channel is able to obtain valid bright spots.