两栖爬行动物馆环境设计以北京动物园两栖爬行馆改造项目为例

摘要

近年，随着人们对两栖爬行动物的关注和动物园饲养管理水平的提高，全国各地动物园新建和改造两爬馆的需要不断增多。两爬馆环境设计是一项交叉学科领域的复杂工程。结合北京动物园两栖爬行馆改造项目的实践，分别从动物展示、游客游览和操作后台3个方面阐述了两爬馆环境设计的特点。探讨了运用动物生理学和行为学特征营造饲养展箱尺度与展箱环境的方法。进而探讨了运用人体工程学常规数据营造参观尺度、展面空间序列与操作尺度的方法。提出了适应室内人体活动和动物活动的声环境、热环境、光环境、色彩环境的最佳参数。%In recent years, with the increase of the people’s attention and the improvement of the zoo management level, the need to build and renovate the Amphibians and Reptiles House is increasing. Amphibians and Reptiles House’s environment design is an interdisciplinary field of complex projects. Taking Beijing Zoo Amphibians and Reptiles House renovation project as an example, respectively from the animals' exhibition, Tourist area and operating space three regions described the Amphibians and Reptiles House’s features of environmental design. Discuss the method of using animal physiology and behavior characteristics to create appropriate size and the environment of the exhibition box. Then discuss the method of using the routine use of ergonomic data to build the scale of visit, space sequence and operating scale. It presented the best parameters of sound environment, thermal environment,light environment and color environment to adapt to human and animal activities.