Objective To compare clinical efficacy and prognosis between surgical and non-surgical treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .Methods A total of 116 cases with NSCLC were randomly di-vided into surgical treatment group and non surgical treatment group ,fifty eight cases in each group .Surgical therapy group received surgery ,chemotherapy and radiotherapy ;while the non-surgical group only received chemotherapy .Re-sults Overall effective in combined therapy group was 79 .31% ,which significantly higher than non surgical treat-ment group with 24 .13% (P< 0 .05) ,and the rate of toxic and side effects were lower than the non-surgical treatment group(P< 0 .05) .Local recurrence ,distant metastasis rate ,and the local recurrence combined with distant metastasis were significantly lower than the surgery group ,and the 1 ,3 ,5-year survival rates were significantly higher than the non-surgical group(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Surgical treatment of NSCLC patients can improve survival rates ,reduce toxicity ,local recurrence and tumor metastasis .%目的：比较非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）手术与非手术治疗的临床疗效和预后。方法将116例 NSCLC患者根据是否予以手术治疗分为手术组和非手术组，每组各58例。手术组予以手术根除性切除联合放疗和化疗治疗；非手术组则只运用放疗和化疗治疗。结果手术组总体有效率为79．31％，显著优于非手术组的24．13％，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；且毒副作用的发生率均低于非手术组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；手术组的局部复发率、远处转移率、局部复发并远处转移率均明显低于非手术组，且1、3、5年的生存率明显升高，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论以手术为主的多学科综合治疗方式可提高 NSCLC 患者生存率，降低毒副作用、局部复发和肿瘤转移。
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