微柱凝胶免疫检测法在新生儿溶血病中的应用研究

摘要

目的：探讨微柱凝胶免疫检测法在新生儿溶血病（HDN ）产后检测中的应用效果。方法以2013年5月至2014年3月于本院就诊的401例疑似 HDN新生儿为研究对象，进行母婴血型鉴定，并采用微柱凝胶免疫检测法与试管法进行直接抗人球蛋白试验（DA T ）、游离抗体试验以及放散试验检测。结果401例疑似 HDN新生儿确诊275例，其中母婴ABO血型系统不合占96．00％（264/275），Rh血型系统不合占4．00％（11/275）。ABO血型系统不合 HDN患儿中，母亲为O型、新生儿为A或B型占95．83％（253/264）。401例疑似 HDN新生儿中，微柱凝胶免疫法DAT、游离试验与放散试验至少1项检测结果阳性者占68．58％（275/401），试管法检测结果为阳性者占44．39％（178/401），两种方法阳性检出率比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论以微柱凝胶免疫检测法应用进行HDN检测具有结果准确、操作简便、灵敏度高、特异性强等优点，值得临床推广应用。%Objective To research the effectiveness of microcolumn gel immunoassay in postpartum detection of hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN) .Methods From May .2013 to Mar .2014 ,a total of 401 newborns with sus-picious HDN were enrolled and detected for blood types ,direct antiglobulin test (DAT) ,free antibody trials and elu-tion test by using microcolumn gel immunoassay and test tube method .Results The proportion of ABO blood type mismatch was 96 .00% (264/275) ,and that of Rh blood type mismatch was 4 .00% (11/275) .In newborns with ABO blood type mismatch ,subjects of mothers with O type and newborns with A or B type accounted for 95 .83% (253/264) .The positive rated of DAT ,free antibody trials and elution test ,detected by microcolumn gel immunoassay ,was 68 .58% (275/401) ,higher than the 44 .39% (178/401) of test tube method (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Microcolumn gel immunoassay might be with fine accuracy ,easy operation ,high sensitivity and sensitivity for the detection of HDN .