榆林市2011~2013年尘肺病新发病特征分析

摘要

目的：分析榆林市2011~2013年尘肺病新发病情况，为职业病的防治提供科学依据。方法收集职业病危害因素监测信息系统中2011年1月1日至2013年12月31日榆林市尘肺病新发患者资料，分析病种、行业分布、地区分布、接尘工龄、发病年龄等特点。结果2011~2013年榆林市共计尘肺病新发患者354例，其中尘肺Ⅰ期310例，尘肺Ⅱ期38例，尘肺Ⅲ期6例；尘肺病类型以煤工尘肺为主，仅有1例为矽肺；新发患者主要集中在煤炭行业，占98.87%；地区分布主要在神木县、榆阳区和府谷县，发病人数占总人数的94.07%；新发患者的接尘工龄主要集中在10~<20年、20~<30年和30年以上3个接尘工龄群体中，发病年龄主要集中在30~<40岁、40~50岁和50岁以上等3个年龄段。结论榆林市2011~2013年尘肺病患者人数呈现逐年上升趋势，以煤工尘肺为主，主要分布在煤炭行业，地区分布以煤炭资源丰富的神木县、榆阳区和府谷县为主，且发病老龄化。相关部门和企业应在加强防护举措的同时，还必须切实做好职业病筛查工作以预防职业病的发生。%Objective To analyze the new onset situation of pneumoconiosis in Yulin city during 201 1 -2013 so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of occupational disease.Methods The data in the new onset patients with pneumoconiosis in Yulin city from January 1,201 1 to December 31,2013 were collected from the occupation hazard factors monitoring information system.Then the characteristics of the disease entity,industry dis-tribution,regional distribution,dust-exposed working age and onset age were analyzed.Results There were 354 new onset cases of pneumoconiosis in Yulin city during this period,including 310 cases of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅰ,38 ca-ses of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅱ and 6 cases of pneumoconiosis stage Ⅲ;the type of pneumoconiosis was mainly coal worker pneumoconiosis,only 1 case was pneumosilicosis;the new onset cases were concentrated in the coal industry, accounting for 98.87%;the regions were mainly distributed in Shenmu county,Yuyang district and Fugu county,the onset number in these 3 places accounted for 94.07% of the total cases number;the dust-exposed ages in new cases were mainly concentrated in the crowds with the dust-exposed age of 10 - <20 years,20 - < 30 years and over 30 years,the onset ages were mainly concentrated in the age groups of 30 - <40 years,40 - 50 years old and over 50 years old.Conclusion The number of pneumoconiosis patients in Yulin city during 201 1-2013 demonstrates the in-creasing trend year by year,which is dominated by coal worker′s pneumoconiosis and mainly distributed in the coal industry,the area distribution is mainly Shenmu county,Yuyang district and Fugu county with rich coal resources, moreover the onset exhibits aging.The relevant departments and enterprises should strengthen the protection meas-ures,at the same time also must do a good job of the occupation disease screening for preventing the occurrence of oc-cupation disease.