应用微卫星标记对两个SD大鼠封闭群的遗传分析

摘要

目的 检测来自北京和上海两个单位SD大鼠封闭群的遗传多样性与遗传关系.方法 利用微卫星标记技术,采用7对微卫星引物对两个群体60个个体进行Hardy-Weinberg平衡 (HWE) 检验,统计每个微卫星位点的基因频率、基因杂合度、多态信息含量 (PIC) 、遗传距离等信息.结果 两个种群平均观测等位基因数 (Na) 分别为4.857 1、5.142 9,平均观测杂合度 (Ho) 为0.647 6、0.585 7.7个位点平均PIC为0.644 5、0.667 6,北京某单位SD大鼠有3个位点HWE检验显著偏离HWE (P＜0.05),上海某单位SD大鼠有2个位点显著偏离HWE (P＜0.05).两个种群的Nei (1978) 无偏遗传距离为0.158 2.结论 北京和上海两个单位SD大鼠群体均具有较好的遗传多样性,两群体间具有中等水平的遗传差异和分化程度;微卫星标记技术或可作为封闭群SD大鼠遗传检测的有效手段.%Objective To analyze genetic diversity and relationship of two closed colonies of SD rats from Beijing and Shanghai respectively. Methods Seven microsatellite loci were tested by HardyWeinberg equilibrium (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, HWE), meanwhile, the values of the allele frequency, gene heterozygosity, polymorphic information content (PIC), the genetic distance and some other indexes were counted. Results The average number of observed alleles are 4.857 1 and 5.142 9 in two colonies respectively. The average observed heterozygosity were 0.647 6 and 0.585 7, the average PIC were 0.644 5, 0.667 6 respectively. Three and two loci showed evident deviation from that of the HWE (P＜0.05) in SD rat colony from Beijing and Shanghai respectively. The unbiased genetic distance of the two colonies was 0.158 2 (Nei 1978) . Conclusion The genetic diversity of SD rat colonies from Beijing and Shanghai are relatively rich. There are medium level of genetic differentiation between the two colonies. Microsatellite marker technique is an effective mean for genetic monitoring for closed clolony of SD rats.