Objective The purpose of this study was to conduct thyroid ultrasound examinations on a large sample of subjects and explore risk factors of thyroid nodules to provide useful information on the epidemic trend of thyroid.Methods The thyroid ultrasonic examination results of 24025 healthy physical examinees who visited the Department of Health Management,Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2011 to November 2013,were analyzed for the correlation between thyroid nodules and the age,gender,body mass index,height and weight.Results The detection rate of thyroid nodules was 49.17％,with 43.87％ in men and 56.96％ in women.The detection rate was noticeably increased with increasing of age.The subjects were divided into thyroid nodules group,and without thyroid nodules group.The detection rate of thyroid nodules was correlated with age,height,and weight.Increased age was correlated with a higher detection rate,while decreased height and weight were correlated with a higher detection rate with significant differences.Under the condition of the correction factors of gender and age,people who were overweight and obese were more likely to suffer from thyroid nodules than those with normal BMI and low weight.Conclusion The detection rates of thyroid nodules,overweight and obesity are high,and it is increased with increasing of age.Overweight and obesity are risk factors for thyroid nodules.%目的 通过对大样本健康体检人群进行甲状腺超声检查,探讨甲状腺结节相关危险因素,以期为甲状腺癌的流行趋势及病因研究提供线索.方法 选取2011年1月至2013年11月北京协和医院健康医学部健康体检者24025例行甲状腺超声检查,分析其与年龄、性别、体质指数以及身高、体重的相关性.结果 甲状腺结节的人群检出率为49.17％,其中男性为43.87％,女性为56.96％,且结节检出率随着年龄的增长而明显增高;依据甲状腺超声检查结果将人群分为甲状腺结节组及非结节组,甲状腺结节的检出率与年龄、体重及身高均有相关性,年龄越大,结节检出率越高,而身高越低,体重越轻,结节检出率越高.在矫正性别与年龄因素的情况下,超重及肥胖人群较体质指数(body mass index,BMI)正常及过轻人群更易患甲状腺结节.结论 甲状腺结节及体重超重、肥胖在人群中的检出率均较高,且均随增龄而升高,超重肥胖是甲状腺结节的危险因素之一.
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