鹰嘴豆根瘤菌多样性研究进展

摘要

The research status of the diversity of chickpea in different regions and the conservation of symbiotic genes of chickpea rhizobia were summarized.It is concluded that M.ciceri and M.mediterraneum were typical and the most prevalent species in the world while,only M.muleiense was found in China.Also species with symbiovar ciceri were found from M.amorphae,M.tianshanense,M.oportunistum,M.loti and M.huakuii;in addition,strains from the genus of Rhizobium and Sinorhizobium were found to nodulate with chickpea.At last symbiotic genes from chickpea rhizobia was introduced.It was found that they had high similarities of sym-biotic genes (nodC and nifH),which demonstrated the host specificity of chickpea rhizobia.The research of chickpea rhizobia of symbiotic rhizobium in more regions in the world and the establishment of symbiosis sys-tem of chickpea rhizobia and its planting in large scale will be the research trend of chickpea rhizobia.%综述了不同区域鹰嘴豆多样性和鹰嘴豆根瘤菌共生基因保守性的研究现状，指出：种群Mesorhizobium ciceri 和 M．mediterraneum是目前分布最广的典型的鹰嘴豆根瘤菌种群，但是在中国只发现了M．muleiense；在国外的研究中还发现一些鹰嘴豆根瘤菌的生物型，如M．amorphae，M．tianshanense，M．oportunis-tum，M．loti和M．huakuii，以及来自根瘤菌属（Rhizobium）和中华根瘤菌属（Sino-rhizobium）的鹰嘴豆根瘤菌．尽管种群分布比较多样，但鹰嘴豆根瘤菌共生基因的结瘤基因nodC与固氮基因nifH具有很高的相似性，表现出鹰嘴豆根瘤菌的宿主专一性．对国际上更多区域的鹰嘴豆进行共生根瘤菌的调研，开展鹰嘴豆根瘤菌共生体系的建立和推广种植，将成为鹰嘴豆瘤菌研究的趋势．