By comparing the category of tongue-slips and the language levels on which the slips occur in English and Chinese statistically, the paper discovered that native speakers of both languages find the selection of linguistic constituents is more difficult than the assemblage of them in utterances. The fundamental unit of mental presentation of both languages is words. Meanwhile , the following differences are also revealed: phonological information plays very important role in the mental presentation of words in English, while semantic information is more emphasized in Chinese; and in English most phonological information is represented in the form of phoneme. As a result, in English teaching and learning, the similarities and differences of the two languages in psychological mechanisms and the importance of extensive listening comprehension in English should be emphasized , so that the proficiency of second language teaching and learning may be promoted.%文章通过统计对比英汉口误的类型及产生口误的语言成分，得出结论：英汉两语在心理表征及产出过程中的相同之处，一是选择困难大于组装困难；二是大脑词库的基本语言单位是词。其差异之处是英语词汇表征重音、汉语重义、英语语音信息多以音位为单位表征。在英语教学和学习中应关注两语言心理认知异同，强调泛听的重要性，提高听力及二语教学和学习效率。
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