不同产地野生丹参药材及其土壤无机元素的相关性研究

摘要

To study on the relationship between inorganic elements in Salvia miltiorrhizae growing wild in China and its rhizosphere soil, the contents of 10 inorganic elements in 27 individual roots of S.miltiorrhiza and 27 corresponding soil samples that from all over the China were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS).Based on principal component analysis, it was filtered out that the characteristic inorganic elements of S.miltiorrhiza was Mn, Pb, Cu, Mg, Zn and Ca.Element Mg and Al in the soil had negatively correlated to Zn, Cu and Cd in S.miltiorrhiza, but to K, correlation were just the opposite.The enrichment coefficients of Mg, K, Ca, Cd and Cu by S.miltiorrhiza was at a certain peculiarity.In addition, according to "Green standards of medicinal plants and preparations for foreign trade and economy", the number of samples that the contents of heavy metals elements of Cu, Pb and Cd exceed the national standards were 8, 7 and 12, respectively.These results could provide basis on controlling the quality and contents of heavy metals in S.miltiorrhiza by improving soil with appropriate fertilization.%为探究不同产地野生丹参药材及其土壤中无机元素的相关关系,采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, ICP-MS)对全国范围内27个不同产地野生丹参药材及其土壤中10种无机元素的含量进行测定.结果表明:Mn、Pb、Cu、Mg、Zn和Ca是丹参药材的特征无机元素.土壤中的 Mg、Al 含量与药材中Zn、Cu、Cd含量呈负相关,而土壤中的K含量则与之相反.丹参对Mg、K、Ca有较强的富集作用.根据《药用植物及制剂外经贸绿色行业标准》的规定,发现有8个产地的丹参样品中Cu的含量超标,有7个产地的丹参样品中Pb的含量超标,有12个产地的丹参样品中Cd的含量超标.以上结果为合理施肥、改良土壤、控制丹参中重金属含量和提高丹参品质提供依据.