The spontaneous behavior and learning memory retention of aged-mice were assessed by using open field and one-trial passive avoidance task after atmospheric (0.10 MPa) oxygen or hyperbaric (0.25 MPa) oxygen treatment (HBOT). At the same time, the brain lipofuscin content of aged-mice were measured by spectrofluorophotometer. The results were as follows: (1)The spontaneous behavior and explorative response in the open field significantly increased and the memory retention were remarkably elevated by atmospheric oxygen or HBOT. (2) The content of brain lipofuscin were decreased after atmospheric oxygen or HBOT, and there was a better inhibition action of HBOT on high level of lipofuscin in the brain. The findings suggested that the senile memory impediment could be treated by HBOT through decreasing the content of brain lipofuscin in aged-mice.%用开场行为模型和一次性被动回避反应模型分别对经高压氧处理的老龄小鼠进行自发活动和记忆保持力检测，并用荧光分光光度计测定脑内脂褐素含量,探讨了高压氧（HBO）对衰老性学习记忆障碍的作用及其与脑内脂褐素含量的关系.结果表明:(1)高压氧可明显增强老龄小鼠在新异环境中的自发活动，显著提高其记忆保持力;（2）高压氧使老龄小鼠脑内脂褐素含量明显下降.提示高压氧可改善衰老性记忆障碍，其机制可能与其降低脑内脂褐素含量有关.
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