山核桃林下不同植物配置模式水土保持功能的比较研究

摘要

Experiments were conducted in October of 2011 on different plant compositions under Carya cathayensis forest for water and soil conservation in Lin’an, Zhejiang province. Determinations in 2013 showed that different plant composition under C. cathayensis forest could reduce water and soil loss, and improve soil physical and chemical properties. Compared with no vegetation under forest(CK), soil loss decreased by 77%-85%, soil porosity increased by 6%-15%, shear strength of the soil increased by 18%-49%, soil organic matter content, hydrolytic nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content by 3%-25%, 3%-20%, 8%-51% and 4%-18% in tested stands. In gentle slope, C. cathayensis+Brassica juncea, C. cathayensis+Lycoris radiata had good effect of soil and water conservation, and in steep hill, C. cathayensis +Vicia gigantea + Astragalus sinicus, C. cathayensis+ A. sinicus+ Lolium perenne, and C. cathayensis+ Amorpha fruticosa + Lolium perenne had better effect.%为构建山核桃（Carya cathayensis）林下高效水土保持植被，针对缓坡和陡坡两种不同立地条件，2011年开展了山核桃林下不同配置模式水土保持功能的试验研究。2013测定结果表明，山核桃林下配置植被均能不同程度地减轻水土流失，改善土壤理化性状。与林下无植被相比，土壤流失减轻77%~85%，土壤孔隙率增加6%~15%，土壤抗剪强度增加18%~49%，土壤有机质、水解氮、有效磷、速钾含量分别提高3%~25%、3%~20%、8%~51%、4%~18%。在立地条件较好的缓坡，山核桃＋芥菜、山核桃＋石蒜具有较高的水土保持效果；在立地条件较差的陡坡，山核桃＋大野豌豆＋紫云英、山核桃＋紫云英＋黑麦草、山核桃＋紫穗槐＋黑麦草的水土保持功能较好。