唐宋笔记中的'庄'及其社会关系初探

摘要

唐宋笔记小说中的"庄",虽有多种表现形式,但主要是一种农地经营方式,即学术界所称的"庄园".综合整理唐宋笔记,从中发现较为典型的庄园以"庄"为单位,具备一定规模优势,配备相应设施或功能,与周边土地或村庄有着明确的产业边界;唐宋时期,"契约式"租佃关系的完善,使庄园从封闭走向开放,农产品商品化程度提高和农地经营效益提升,加快了贫富分化和富民阶层的形成.%Although there are different expressions for"庄"in the literary sketches of the Tang and Song dynasties,it mainly refers to a kind of farmland management,which is now called"manor"in the academic circles.The study of"庄"in the literary sketches of the Tang and Song dynasties reveals that"庄"usually meant a typical large-scale"manor"with corresponding facilities or functions,and had a clear industrial boundary with the surrounding villages or neighborhoods.During the Tang and Song dynasties,the perfection of the contractual tenancy relationship made the manor from the closed to the open,while the on-going commercialization of agricultural products and the improvement of farmland management accelerated the polarization between the rich and the poor as well as the formation of the rich class.