通过对南阳市H镇农村女青年的生育意愿的调查发现：其理想生育年龄段为26～30岁，理想子女数以2个为主，性别偏好于“男女都一样”。受教育程度、宗教信仰、养育成本和计生政策是四个显性影响因素，其中养育成本是制约“全面二孩”政策能否有效落实的关键因素。“全面二孩”政策激发了部分女性的二孩生育意愿，在我国广大农村地区有较大的实施空间，因而政府需重构和谐的家庭伦理体系，着力消除就业歧视，健全整体性配套制度，以促进“全面二孩”政策有效落实。%The investigation data based on H town of Nanyang city rural young women of childbearing age shows that:the ideal child-bearing age of H town of young women is 26-30, the ideal number of children is two, gender preference in boys and girls are the same .The educational level , religious belief , child rea-ring costs and family planning policy are four dominant influence factors , while child rearing costs is the de-cisive one .The policy stimulates young women ’ s fertility willingness and is practical in rural area .The gov-ernment needs to rebuild a harmonious family ethics system , focus on the elimination of discrimination in employment , improve the whole supporting system to promote the comprehensive and effective implementa -tion of the two-child policy .
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