我国西南地区典型降雨特征——以贵州湄潭县为例

摘要

在气候变化和人类活动双重影响下,我国降雨在不同区域呈现不同的演变特征.以西南地区为例,选择研究较少的贵州省湄潭县,利用线性回归和Morlet小波分析方法,分析湄潭县年降雨量、汛期降雨量和暴雨的变化特征.结果表明:区域年降雨量不断减少,暴雨发生频次以加快的速率增大,最大暴雨量增加,但发生时间在推迟,且均以1980年和2000年为转折点,呈现减少—增加—减少的趋势.在变化环境下,我国西南典型县城区域对全球气候变化响应敏感,降雨呈现典型的区域演变特征.%Under the impacts of climate change and human activities, the rainfall in different regions shows different evolutionary characteristics. The characteristics of annual rainfall, rainfall in flood season and rainstorm in Meitan County in Southwest China are researched using linear regression and Morlet wavelet analysis. The result indicates that annual rainfall in this region decreases continuously and the frequency of rainstorm increases. The maximum rainstorm is increasing while the occurrence time is delaying. The maximum rainstorm shows a trend of reducing-in-creasing-reducing, with 1980 and 2000 as the turning points. Typical areas in Southwest China are sensitive to global climate change. The rainfall in these areas presents typical regional characteristics