春秋早期的鲁夫人文姜在《左传》中共计出场15次之多，堪称该书用墨最多的女性人物。文姜是春秋时期闻名遐迩的美女之一，《诗经》对她的生平也多有记载。由于《史记》中对其与齐襄公兄妹乱伦的宫庭秽史言之凿凿，人们对她的评价一贯不高。但结合《春秋》、《左传》之记述，文姜不仅是一个美艳动人的女子，还是一个有着杰出才能的女性政治家和外交家，她的一系列作为为鲁国在庄公时期赢得了罕有的国际地位，其功业不可忽视。%Madame Wen Jiang of the Lu State in the early period of the Spring and Autumn Period appeared altogether 15 times in Zuo Zhuan, and was probably the most depicted woman in the book. As one of the renowned beauties in the period, her life was also recorded in Shi Jing. However, due to the account in Shi Ji about her adultery with her brother Duke Xiang of Qi State, her reputation in later dynasties was rather poor. Yet, according to the account of Sping and Autumn and Zuo Zhuan, Wen Jiang was not only a beautiful woman of touching charm, but also a female politician and diplomat with great talent. A series of her moves won her Lu State unprecedented international status, and her role was vital.
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