两大法系刑事证据排除规则的产生根源对比--读《漂移的证据法》有感

摘要

In recent years, people realized that the purpose of criminal litigation is not only to strike crimes, but also to protect the human rights, personal right of privacy and other social values in the litigation progress. So the proof exception rules arouse more and more concerns in the criminal litigation. The adoption of criminal proofs depends on whether the proof material meets certain provision or not. The Continental legal system and Britain-American legal system have their respective and different proof exception rules. And the caused in depth could be dig out from their different lawmaking intentions, historical origins and litigation systems divisions.%近年来，随着人们意识到刑事诉讼的目的不仅仅是在于打击犯罪，对于在刑事诉讼过程中其他的社会价值诸如人权、个人隐私权等的保护日益受到人们的关注。由此，证据排除规则在刑事诉讼中也越来越受到普遍的关注。刑事证据在刑事诉讼过程中采纳与否，首先取决于证据材料是否符合一定的规定。大陆法系与英美法系有着各自不同的采纳证据材料的根据也即排除规则，而深藏在表面排除规则之下的具体的不同排除规则的原因可以从两大法系不同的立法意图、历史渊源以及诉讼制度划分为外部与内部两个部分。