噪声岗位员工心理健康状况分析与EAP应对效果评价

摘要

目的：分析噪声岗位员工心理健康状况，进行员工帮助计划（EAP）应对效果评价。方法随机抽取接触噪声岗位的916位员工为噪声组，以同一生产厂非噪声岗位的1503位员工为对照组，采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行调查对比分析，并进行 EAP应对前后效果评价。结果噪声组躯体化、人际关系敏感、焦虑、敌对、忧郁、精神病性等因子分、SCL-90总分、阳性项目数得分均高于对照组（P ＜0．05）。噪声组除恐怖和偏执、精神病性外，其余6个因子心理健康问题的严重程度达到中度水平以上的比例明显高于对照组（P ＜0．05），进行 EAP应对后，因子得分达到中度水平者的比例和人数均明显降低（P ＜0．05）。结论噪声作业员工不养成良好个人安全防护行为而长期暴露在强烈噪声环境下，会产生躯体不适、焦虑、敌对、忧郁等心理问题。在企业压力和心理问题的管理与干预方面采用 EAP应对是非常有效的。%Objective To analyze the mental health status of noise positions′staffs,and evaluate the effect of Employee Assistance Program (EAP).Methods 9 1 6 employees exposure in noise positions were in-cluded in observation group (noise group),and 1 503 employees of non-noise position in the same manu-facturers were in control group.Symptom checklist (SCL-90)were used to investigate symptoms and com-paratively analyze,and the effects before and after EAP were under evaluation.Results The score of som-atization,interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,hostility,depression,psychopathy,total average score and positive item scores of SCL-90 in the noise group were higher than that in the control group (P <0.01). The number of people with severity of the mental health problems except terror and paranoia,psychopathy reached middle level were more than that in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01),after the EAP inter-vention,the proportion of the scores to achieve moderate levels and the number of persons were signifi-cantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05).Conclusion Noise-exposed employees who do not develop good behavior and long-term exposure to strong noise environment will produce physical discom-fort,anxiety,hostility,depression and other psychological problems.It is very effective with EAP inter-vention in the management of corporate pressure and psychological aspects of the problem.