牛至草水提物的抗炎、止咳、祛痰及体外抗氧化作用研究

摘要

目的 研究牛至草水提物的抗炎、止咳、祛痰及体外抗氧化作用.方法 分别取昆明种小鼠50只,按体质量随机分为空白对照组(0.9％生理盐水)、阳性对照组(急支糖浆5.0 mL/kg)、牛至草水提物高、中、低剂量组(5.40、2.70、1.35 g/kg),通过二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀试验、氨水致咳试验及气管酚红排泌试验,研究牛至草水提物的抗炎、止咳、祛痰作用.将不同浓度的牛至草水提物(0.1、0.2、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg/mL)作为实验组,以Vc作为对照组,通过DPPH·自由基、羟基(·OH)自由基清除能力及铁离子还原能力实验评价其体外抗氧化活性.结果 与空白对照组比较,牛至草水提物高、中、低剂量组小鼠的耳肿胀抑制率依次为52.10％、49.32％、44.86％,能抑制小鼠耳廓肿胀,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);能使小鼠气管酚红排泌增多,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);高、中剂量组小鼠咳嗽潜伏期延长、咳嗽次数减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与阳性对照组比较,牛至草水提物高、中剂量组小鼠耳肿胀抑制率高于阳性对照组(41.89％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);高剂量组小鼠咳嗽次数减少,小鼠气管酚红排泌增多,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).牛至草水提物清除DPPH·自由基能力和还原能力随浓度增加呈逐渐增高趋势,当牛至草水提物浓度为2 mg/mL时,对DPPH·自由基清除率(70.60％)高于相同浓度的Vc(62.20％)对DPPH·自由基的清除率.牛至草水提物浓度为2 mg/mL时,铁离子还原能力(吸光度为1.261)小于浓度为0.1 mg/mL的Vc(吸光度为2.982)对铁离子的还原能力.0.5 mg/mL的牛至草水提物对OH·自由基的清除率(42.48％),低于浓度为0.1 mg/mL的VC对OH·自由基的清除率(54.50％).结论 牛至草水提物具有好的抗炎、止咳、祛痰作用及体外抗氧化活性.%Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory,antitussive,expectorant and in vitro antioxidant effects of aqueous extract of Organum valgara L (AEOVL).Methods Fifty healthy mice were randomly divided into control group (NS),ACUTE BRONCHITIS SYRUP (ABS) positive group (5.0 g/kg),low,medium and high dose AEOVL treatment groups (1.35,2.70,5.40 g/kg).Then,xylenol-induced auricle swelling test,ammonia-induced cough test and bronchial phenol red excretion test were used to investigate the anti-inflammatory,antitussive and expectorant effects of the AEOVL.After that,the antioxidant activity of extracts in concentration of 0.1,0.2,0.5,1.0 and 2.0 mg/mL were evaluated by DPPH · free radical,hydroxyl radical (· OH) and iron ion reduction test.Results Compared with the control group,the ear swelling inhibition rate of low,medium and high dose AEOVL groups were 52.10％,49.32％ and 44.86％,respectively,significantly higher than that in the positive group (41.89％)(P ＜0.05);The medium and high dose groups significantly prolonged the latency of cough and reduced the number of ammonia spray-induced cough (P ＜0.05),and the number of coughs in the high dose group significantly lower than in positive group mice (P ＜0.05);The amount of phenol red excretion from the low,medium and high dose AEOVL groups were significantly increased (P ＜0.05),and that in the high dose group were significantly higher than in the positive group (P ＜0.05).The DPPH free radical scavenging capacity and the reducing ability were dose-dependently increasing.The DPPH · Free radical scavenging rate (70.60％) of highest concentration (2 mg/mL) was higher than that (62.20％) of the same concentration of VC;the iron reducing ability of AEOVL (1.261) was less than that (2.982) of 0.1 mg/mL VC.The Hydroxyl radical (· OH) scavenging rate of 0.5 mg/mL AEVOL (42.48％) was lower than that of 0.1 mg/mL VC (54.50％).Conclusion According to results,AEVOL has a significant anti-inflammatory,antitussive,expectorant and in vitro antioxidant activity.