Objective To investigate the mechanism of antihypertensive effect of volatile oil extracted from Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.Methods Steam distillation was used to extract essential oil from Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.The SHR rats were randomly divided into 6 different groups,including control group(normal feeding),high dose group(200 mg/kg·d),middle dose group(100 mg/kg·d),low dose group(50 mg/kg·d),captopril(20 mg/kg·d),hydrochlorothiazide(20 mg/kg·d),with each group having10 rats;10 WKY rats were a group of healthy normal blood pressure rats.All mice were fed in SPF class clean environment,adequate feed and drinking water were given,12 h for light,and 12 h for night,the oral gavage was after the adaptive feeding for 2 w,according to the body mass of 2 mL/100 g,1 times daily,continuous oral gavage for 4 weeks.ELISA was used to determine the effects of essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam on the levels of renin(Reinin),cardiac natriuretic peptide(ANP)and endothelin(ET)in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).Results Comparison with urinary volume(23.71±3.14)mL in rats treated with hydrochlorothiazide,the urinary volume of the control group(16.29±2.93)mL and normal blood pressure group(20.86±1.76)mL was significantly decreased(P<0.01);Compared with the hydrochlorothiazide group,high dose group(16.86±4.72)mL whose urinary volume was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the renin activity(18.13±4.58)mmol/mL in the control group,renin activity was significantly increased in high dose group(21.48±4.63)mmol/mL;compared with the control group,renin activity of captopril group rats(22.61±3.21)mmol/mL was significantly increased(P<0.01);Compared with the endothelin content of the control group(52.46±7.89)pg/mL,the contents of endothelin was significantly decreased in plasma volatile oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam dose group(43.31±6.48)pg/mL(P<0.01);Compared with the control group,the plasma endothelin was significantly decreased in the captopril group(40.16±4.37)pg/mL(P<0.01);Relative to the concentration of plasma cardiac natriuretic peptide(85.52±7.99)/pg/mL in control group,the concentration of plasma cardiac natriuretic peptide(70.63±8.29)/pg/mL in normal blood pressure group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Our study showed that the hypotensive effect of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.oil was closely related to ET-1.%目的 探讨唇香草挥发油抗高血压作用机制.方法 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取唇香草挥发油.将SHR大鼠随机分为6组,每组10只,分别为对照组(给予正常喂养)、唇香草挥发油高剂量组(200 mg/kg·d)、唇香草挥发油中剂量组(100 mg/kg·d)、唇香草挥发油低剂量组(50 mg/kg·d)、卡托普利组(20 mg/kg·d)、氢氯噻嗪组(20 mg/kg·d);WKY大鼠10只为正常血压组.所有实验动物均在SPF级洁净动物饲养室内饲养,自由饮食进水,每天12 h光照与黑夜循环.适应性喂养2 w后开始给药.按照2 mL/100 g体质量每天1次,连续灌胃4 w.采用ELISA法测定唇香草挥发油对自发性高血压大鼠血浆中肾素(Reinin)活性、心钠肽(ANP)和内皮素(ET)含量的影响,利用利尿实验测定唇香草挥发油对各组大鼠尿量的影响.结果 与氢氯噻嗪组大鼠排尿量(23.71±3.14)mL比较,对照组大鼠排尿量(16.29±2.93)mL和正常血压组大鼠排尿量(20.86±1.76)mL排尿量减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与氢氯噻嗪组比较,唇香草挥发油高剂量组(16.86±4.72)mL排尿量减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).与对照组大鼠体内肾素活性(18.13±4.58)mmol/mL比较,高剂量组大鼠体内肾素活性(21.48±4.63)mmol/mL升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);与对照组大鼠体内肾素活性比较,卡托普利组大鼠体内肾素活性(22.61±3.21)mmol/mL升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).与对照组大鼠血浆中内皮素含量(52.46±7.89)pg/mL比较,唇香草挥发油高剂量组大鼠血浆中内皮素含量(43.31±6.48)pg/mL降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与对照组大鼠血浆中内皮素含量比较,卡托普利组大鼠血浆中内皮素含量(40.16±4.37)pg/mL降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).与对照组大鼠血浆心钠肽浓度(85.52±7.99)/pg/mL比较,正常血压组大鼠血浆心钠肽浓度(70.63±8.29)/pg/mL降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 唇香草挥发油的降压作用与降低体内最强缩血管物质ET-1密切相关.
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