新疆不同民族慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自护能力水平及影响因素分析

摘要

目的 探讨不同民族老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者自护能力水平及其影响因素,为提高各民族COPD患者自护能力提供科学的方法.方法 随机抽取新疆医科大学第一附属医院门诊及住院治疗的COPD患者共320例作为研究对象,根据民族分为维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族、回族及其他民族5组,使用问卷调查方法,调查其自护能力水平,并分析各民族患者自护能力水平及其影响因素.结果 (1)本组老年COPD患者自护能力整体水平较低,其中汉族、回族患者自护能力最好,维吾尔族和其他民族患者次之,哈萨克族患者最低;(2)多因素分析结果显示,影响汉族患者自我护理的因素为职业、文化程度及病程;影响维吾尔族患者自我护理的因素为职业、文化程度及家庭关心程度;影响哈萨克族患者自我护理的因素为文化程度、病程及职业;影响回族患者自我护理的因素为文化程度、病程;影响其他民族患者自我护理的因素为文化程度及职业.结论 320例就诊的老年COPD患者自护能力水平整体较低,而影响不同民族患者自护能力水平的因素有一定差异性,应采取针对性的干预策略,才能整体提高新疆COPD患者的自护能力.%Objective To explore the self-caring ability level and influencing factors of different ethnic patients with COPD in xinjiang region so as to improve the ability of patients with COPD.Methods Randomly extracted was the 320 cases of patients with COPD from both outpatient and hospitalization as the research object.they were divided into Han, Hui, Ha and other ethnic groups according to the nationality, questionnaire survey method was used to investigate the self-protective ability level, statistical methods was used to analyze the national self nursing ability level and its influencing factors.Results (1) Self-nursing ability was lower in elderly patients with COPD , the Han and Hui was the best followed by Uygur and the kazak was shown to be lowest;(2) The multi-factor analysis showed that the influencing factors of the Han patients were profession, education degree and the course of the disease;whereas the influencing factors of Uygur were profession, education level and the degree of family concern;The influencing factors of Kazak were displayed to be education degree, disease course and career;The influencing factors of Hui patients were education degree and disease course;Factors affecting other ethnic patients were education degree and the profession.Conclusion The self-caring ability level of elderly patients with COPD tends to be lower, and there was significant difference of the influencing factors among the different ethnics.Therefore, only should be adopted the targeted intervention strategy, could improve the ability of self-nursing in patients with COPD as a whole.