针对传统膛线阴极电解加工时加工间隙流场发散、电解液逆流使电解机床主轴受力大以及阴极工作齿严重烧伤时整体阴极报废等问题，设计了一种电解液在阴极内部换向、加工间隙顺流、可更换工作齿的大口径深混合膛线拉式阴极结构，采用多物理场仿真软件 COM-SOL 对加工间隙流场进行仿真。结果表明拉式顺流阴极流场分布优于传统拉式正流阴极。在确定拉式顺流阴极结构的前提下，阴极圆锥盘角度为100°、斜小孔倾斜50°、回液小孔孔径为2 mm 时电解液压力损失最小，最有利于电解产物的排除，电解液排除顺畅。%Aiming at the situation of push force of ECM tool spindle because of the spred and inversion of gap flow field,and the scraped cathode because of burned working tooth in traditional electrolytic cathode rifling,a new cathode structure of large diameter,deep and mixing composite rife is designed,by which the electrolyte stream reverses inside,the gap is downsteam and the working tooth is replaceable. The simulation of flow field in the gap by the COMSOL shows that the pull downstream cathode is better than the traditional rifling cathode.Based upon this pull downstream cathode,the electrolyte pressure loss is less and the exclusion of the electrolytic products smoothly while the cathode is with the parameters of cone angle of 100°,the inclination of inclined hole of 50°and the return liquid hole diameter of 2 mm.
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