深圳围填海及其新生成土地开发利用研究

摘要

Based on remote sensing images and topographic map data ,Shenzhen City Master Plan ,the 12th Five‐year Plan of Marine Economy and land change survey data ,time‐space distribution characteristics of reclamation and its new generated land development and utilization types were analyzed and forecasted in Shenzhen from 1978 to 2020 . The results showed that reclamation area of Shenzhen was lesser ,mainly distributed near Shatoujiao and Shekou ,the new generated land by reclamation were mainly used for the development of industry ,commerce and traffic in 1978‐1985 .Reclamation area of Shenzhen increased and expanded ,mainly distributed along the Qianhai‐shekou ,development and utilization types of new generated land mainly were industrial land ,commercial land ,agricultural land and ecological land in 1986‐1995 .Reclamation area reached the maximum value ,mainly concentrated in the Qianhai‐shekou ,Shenzhen bay ,and Shajing‐Xinan ,new generated land use types were mainly agricultural land ,ecological land and public land in 1996‐2007 .Reclamation range of Shenzhen was large and reclamation rate was fastest ,the new generated land were mainly used for the development of traffic and industry and commerce in 2008‐2010 .Planning reclamation areas of Shenzhen were mainly distributed near the Shajing‐Xin'an and Baguang ,new generated lands were mainly used for traffic and city further development and construction in 2011‐2020 .%基于深圳市遥感影像和地形图数据、城市总体规划、海洋经济“十二五”规划和土地变更调查数据，系统分析和预测了深圳市1978～2020年围填海及其新生成土地开发利用类型时空分布特征。结果表明：1978～1985年，深圳围填海面积较小，主要分布在沙头角、蛇口港，新生成土地主要用于发展工商业和交通；1986～1995年，深圳围填海规模扩大，主要集中在前海‐蛇口，围填海主要为了满足工商用地、农业及生态用地需求；1996～2007年，深圳围填海面积达到峰值，主要集中在前海‐蛇口、深圳湾和沙井‐新安，新增用地类型主要为农业及生态用地、公共用地；2008～2010年，深圳围填海速度最快，新生成土地主要用于发展交通和工商业；2011～2020年，为了发展交通和城市后备建设，深圳规划围填海区域主要分布在沙井‐新安、坝光。