以量子围栏中的单粒子为工质的量子卡诺循环

摘要

构造了以量子围栏中的单粒子为工作物质的量子卡诺循环模型，量子围栏的哈密顿量期望值相当于经典卡诺循环中热源的温度，该量子卡诺循环由两个等能（等温）过程和两个绝热过程组成。分析得到，量子围栏卡诺循环的等温过程和绝热过程和经典卡诺循环的等温过程和绝热过程相似，推得量子卡诺循环的效率表示式，该表示式与经典可逆卡诺循环效率的表示式类似。%The classical Carnot cycle is composed of two adiabatic processes and two isothermal processes .The classical revers-ible Carnot cycle can achieve the maximum efficiency .In this paper , the quantum Carnot cycle model is developed based on the sin-gle particle in quantum corral as the working material .The expectation value of Hamiltonian in quantum corral is analogous to the heat source temperature of classical Carnot cycle .This quantum Carnot cycle is composed of two equal-energy (isothermal) proces-ses and two adiabatic processes .It is shown that the adiabatic and isothermal processes in quantum Carnot cycle are similar to those in classical one .The efficiency expression of quantum Carnot cycle can be figured out , which is similar to that in classical reversible Carnot cycle .