基于无人机的防波堤巡检

摘要

在无人机大发展背景下,选择MD4-1000四旋翼电动无人机,以天津东疆人造沙滩北防波堤(近岸300 m斜坡式防波堤和离岸1.8 km半圆体防波堤)作为试验对象,开展基于无人机的防波堤巡检尝试.无人机沿防波堤中心线飞行并不间断垂直向下拍摄,获取大量的覆盖完全并具有一定重叠度的数码照片,继而利用摄影测量后处理软件Pix4Dmaper获取了斜坡式防波堤的二维正射影像和三维数字表面模型数据,并且在照片集中识别并测量了半圆体防波堤的变形和破损形状.基于无人机的防波堤巡检方法是一种"室外航拍,室内检测"的新巡检工作模式,不仅效率高,而且成果展现形式更加生动具体.%Under the background of booming UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle), we tried to apply UAV to on-site inspection of breakwater. The UAV we used is MD4-1000 quadrocopter UAV, while the test case breakwater is the northern breakwater of Dongjiang Bay artificial beach in Tianjin, comprised of a 300 m's nearshore sloping breakwa-ter and 1.8 km's offshore semicircular breakwater. The UAV flew along the centerline of the breakwater and continu-ously shoot vertically downwards, acquiring plenty of overlapped digital images covering the whole breakwater. Based on the photo gallery, 2D orthophoto and 3D digital surface model of the sloping breakwater were produced with the aid of photogrammetry software Pix4Dmapper, while deformation and breakage of the semicircular breakwa-ter was identified and measured. UAV based on-site inspection of breakwater is a new operating mode (outdoor fly-ing and indoor inspection), proven to be more efficient and producing vivid and specific results.