根据实验模态分析理论,进行减速器的模态实验,获取系统频响函数及模态频率.依据盾构机三级行星减速器大传动比的工作特性,设计背靠背能量回馈实验台架动态测试方案.基于行星减速器结构特征及模态频率,确定振动噪声测点布置和信号采集参数.测量额定载荷下减速器的振动加速度,分析其振动特性.采用数值积分计算振动速度响应,综合评价减速器振动烈度.在采用隔声罩有效降低背景噪声的基础上,运用声压法进行了减速器噪声测试,验证噪声实验数据的合理性.振动噪声信号时频分析及边频特征表明齿轮制造精度较高.实验结果表明该盾构机主减速器振动噪声性能指标达到项目要求及设计目标.%The frequency responses and natural frequencies of the planetary gearbox in EPB shield tunnelling machine were obtained experimentally based on the experimental modal analysis theory. According to the large speed ratio of 3-stage planetary gearbox, the test scheme on a back-to-back power circulation set-up was developed, and the sensor positions and signal acquisition parameters were determined in accordance with the structural characteristics and natural frequencies of the gearbox. The vibration property of the gearbox was analyzed by using the acceleration data acquired under rated operating condition. The vibration velocities were calculated by numerical integral method, and the vibration severity was evaluated synthetically. The background noise was suppressed effectively by using an acoustic enclosure, and the relibility of noise data measured by sound pressure method was validated. The analysis in time-frequency domain and the modulation sidebands of the signal show the gearbox is of high machining accuracy. The experimental results indicate that the dynamic performances of the main reducer reach the project demands and design goals.
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