单孔爆破振动监测与衰减规律多元线性化回归

摘要

There exist complicated non-linear relations between explosive vibration effect and its affecting factors,and accurate prediction of the attenuation law of blasting vibration is the basis of blasting design and disaster control.Based on the analysis of defects of traditional Sadaovsk formula,a modified Sadaovsk formula (MSF) considering the height deviation between mass point and blast center was introduced.A multiple linear mathematical model for predicting the attenuation law of blasting vibration was established.The unknown parameter vectors(K,α,β) in the model were calculated by using least square method,thus the concrete MSF for accurately predicting the attenuation law of blasting vibration was achieved.The single-hole blasting vibration of the zinc-copper deposit in Tongkeng Mine was monitored and the data were analysed by using the proposed method.The results show that the proposed MSF is reliable,and can provide scientific guide for blasting design in zinc-copper deposit.%岩体爆破振动效应与其影响因素之间存在复杂的非线性关系,准确预测爆破振动衰减规律是开展爆破设计与灾害控制的基础.在分析了传统萨道夫斯基公式存在不足的基础上,引入了考虑质点与爆心高程差的萨道夫斯基修正公式,并将其非线性函数关系式线性化,建立了爆破振动衰减规律多元线性数学模型；运用最小二乘法理论推导得到模型中K、α和β三个未知参量,获得了修正的萨道夫斯基爆破振动衰减多元线性化回归公式.针对铜坑矿锌铜矿岩体单孔爆破振动监测数据和工程地质条件,采用所提出的爆破振动衰减规律多元线性化回归公式对监测结果进行分析.研究结果表明,所提出的爆破振动衰减多元线性化回归公式可靠度高,且式中参量表达含义与锌铜矿岩体坚硬特性相吻合,能够为锌铜矿体后期爆破开采设计提供科学指导.