基于虚拟样机技术的火炮炮闩冲击试验台理论设计

摘要

To solve the problem that obtaining a gun breech test data was hard,taking a gun breech freely to establish a shock test bed was put forward.Then,one of the key breechblock operating parameters,breechblock operating force was studied to ensure the test bed could open the breechblock firstly.Based on the design principle,the theoretical model of the shock test bed was established with the virtual prototype technology.The breechblock operating force at different instants was determined based on the automatic breechblock operating dynamic data of the breech combined with the acting force analysis and the dynamics theory.The force was validated with simulation tests.The results showed that either the maximum force or the average force is acting on the crank lever,opening breechblock can be done;when the force is acting on the breechblock operating cam,the maximum force can open the breechblock,but the breechblock can not be opened with the average force.The study provided a theoretical reference for the breechblock operating parameter selection of the test bed.%为解决炮闩实验数据获取困难的问题，提出将炮闩独立出来建立炮闩冲击试验台；为保证试验台首先能够实现开闩，对开闩关键参数---开闩力进行分析研究。基于设计原理，运用虚拟样机技术建立了试验台理论模型；依据炮闩自动开闩动力学数据，并结合受力分析和动力学理论，确定了不同开闩时刻所需的开闩力，并通过模型仿真试验进行了验证。结果表明：当将开闩力最大值和均值分别作用在曲柄上时，两种工况下皆可以实现开闩；当将力作用于开闩板时，在最大值工况下可以实现开闩，而在均值工况下，未能实现开闩。研究结果为试验台开闩参数选取提供理论参考。